Euro Disney Case Essay Example for Free

Euro Disney Case EssayThe success of a business, especially immediately after composition depends on various factors. Branding and goodwill form some of these major factors. It is worth noning that branding points to the value that customers attach to a given product or service and is often informed by their experience or perception that they have about the name as well as the known history of the producer or the service provider.A business on the other hand enjoys goodwill if it uses a brand name whose reputation has already full-grown and this growth is not that envisioned at local level but both national, international and even global levels. Despite enjoying the fore going, EuroDisney did not perform well during its first year of operation for various reasons. Factors That Contributed to Euro-Disneys Poor Performance during Its First Year of Operation At the outset, the hotel rooms were so much overpriced and to such an extent that staying overnight was out of question for most of the families around.In addition, poor merchandise strategies which were very apparent at the metre as well as their ill advised source of funding from French banks were all to the EuroDisneys disadvantage. To add to the bargain was the fact that an unforeseen crew of transatlantic airfare wars and currency movements often boiled down to trips to places like Orlando being cheaper while good weather was guaranteed and beautiful Florida beaches were within reach in Orlando.It therefrom bears noting that all these factors as well as the ethnocentrism and negative publicity given by the hostility from the French people against the Disney idea right at the regurgitates intend phase, greatly affected the performance of EuroDisney during its first year in operation (Keegan Green, 2002). The role played by ethnocentrism in the story of Euro-Disneys launch Ethnocentrism is delimit as the tendency to believe and perceive ones cultural or ethnic group to be centrally impor tant than all others.This is evident in the launch of EuroDisney with French visitors staying away while projections had it that they would make 50percent of the attendance figures. The French perceived the EuroDisney in a very different perspective, as depicted this was viewed as American imperialism. They clung to their culture, and as the article puts it, French culture had its own lovable cartoons and characters that included the Asterix, the helmeted and a pint-sized Gallic warrior which EuroDisney did not provide.As a result of the hostility among the French to the Disney ideas as evidenced at the planning of the EuroDisney project, there was a bad publicity that was given about the project to the various stakeholders (Keegan Green, 2002). Why the experience in France was not transferable to Hong Kong Though the EuroDisney had a nasty experience in France, the knowledge and experience acquired may not be transferable to Chinas Hong Kong. On the same note, the experience in Fr ance was purely informed by cultural difference in the midst of Americans and the French. gratuitous to say, the case may not be the same between the Chinese and American people. It is however notable that Business experience is usually transferable only if it is informed by business related concepts such as the forces of demand and supply which is not the case in EuroDisney. Lastly, owing to the differences in size between the Disney in Hong Kong and that in France, the effects of decisions may as well be considered to be well out phase with each other.ReferenceKeegan, W. J. , Green, M. C. (2002). Global marketing management. New Jersey Prentice Hall.

Outline and evaluate the learning theory of attachment Essay Example for Free

Outline and measure out the learning surmise of attachment EssayThe learning theory of attachment focuses of two concepts operant and classical learn. Classical conditioning as an explanation for attachment describes the baby receiving food (and unconditioned stimulus) and producing an unconditioned response (happiness) and the generate feeding the baby will be the neutral stimulus. The baby will then experience the mother giving them food (and therefore happiness) a sum of times and then learn to associate the mother (now a conditioned stimulus) with the popular opinion of happiness (a conditioned response) and thus an attachment will form. Operant conditioning describes attachment as a reinforced response. When a baby gets food its discomfort will befit happiness and the baby will associate this feeling with food and therefore food will become the primary reinforcer. The person feeding the baby will also be associated with the happiness and therefore become the secondar y reinforcer and an attachment will form. (evaluate)Even though the learning theory of attachment provides an adequate explanation of attachment it is flawed. Research evidence, such as that of Harlows monkey study, opposes the idea of learning theory as an explanation of attachment. Harlows monkey study involved giving a baby monkey the choice of either food or comfort (food was portrayed by a wire monkey with a feeding bottle attached to it and comfort was portrayed by a wire monkey covered in cloth). According to the learning theory of attachment the monkey should have spent most of his time on the food monkey, however the opposite was true the monkey spent the majority of his time on the comfort monkey. This decreases the validity of the learning theory of attachment as an explanation for attachment because the findings of Harlows monkey study opposed what it suggested. However, the monkey study was conducted on monkeys and it could be argued that this is not an accurate repre sentation of human attachment. Humans ar a lot more complex than animals and so therefore research on animals to study behaviour cannot be applied to human behaviour. Outline and evaluate the learning theory of attachment (12 marks) A GRADE (outline)

Recruitment Case Study Essay Example for Free

recruitment Case Study EssayRecruitment is when BHX looks for a clean member of cater. BHX take ups to enlistee juvenile staff for unlike reasons. It could be that they contract staff for to fill in reinvigorated posts or for an extra help for other staff. Sometimes BHX need overbold staff because they need to replace the old staff with new staff with to a greater extent experience and qualifications. To recruit staff there is a process for it. at that place are 7 steps in the process. To appoint the right someone for the occupation they need to go through the seven steps for each of the appli dropts. For en refering the manager and the human resources are prudent to recruit new staffs. As other organisaton BHX has a policy for recruiting staff.The employer at BHX has to obey the policy. The policy reduces the chance of a candidate being treated unfairly. The law and ethics at BHX are in truth strict. The law says that there must not be any distinction against th e employee and the employee should have the same opportunity regardless of race, gender, or disability. All disabled applicants who fully meet the Person Specification for the post for which they have applied for has to be guaranteed an consultation at BHX. In BHX the enlisting is done by human resource de neighborhoodment and the manager.Steps in the process on that point are seven stages in the recruitment process.1. Identify the vacuum2. Draw up a tune description3. Draw up a person specification4. crusade the vacuum cleaner5. Shortlist applicants6. Interview applicants7. Select and appoint the most appropriate candidate(Carysforth C and Nield M (2002) GCSE applied business for edexcel hieneman) pg235Agreeing the vacancy Before recruiting new staff the manager has to theorise that in which area do BHX need more than staff. And manager also has to ask permission of BHX that if they can recruit more staff. BHX will onlyow manager if they really need some new staff. Staff d o cost lost of money and therefore BHX will need to think if they really need new staff. Each department in BHX has bud drags and they are only allowed to recruit staff if they are able to pay for the recruitment process. This is what they need to think before advertising the vacancy. Here are some of the reasons why BHX might recruit people.* It could be that more airlines are landing at BHX and therefore they need more staff to service the planes.* More passengers are using BHX.* Someone has been promoted to the in high spiritser direct or someone left the job. design up job description A job description tells the employee the key facts relating to the job. BHX needs to list the job title, all the responsibilities, principal(prenominal) duties, salary of the employee. When someone applies for the job BHX has to give them the copy of job description so this tells them job covers e precisething they are expected to do.Here is an shell of a job description at BHX. At the top of the job description there is in bodyation about the employees post title, the department the employee is going to twist in, date etc. After that it says the purpose of the job. The main part of a job description is the employees main duties and responsibilities. At the end there is a box with a signature of the employees relation manager and the segment he/ she is from.BIRMINGHAM INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LIMITEDJOB DESCRIPTIONDIVISIONDEPARTMENT Human ResourcesPOST TITLE Human Resources AdministratorGRADE C career gradeDATE January 2006Job PurposeComplying with Birmingham International Airport Limited workout policies and procedures and recognised stovepipe human resources practice to provide an efficient and effective human resources administration service, that that is customer driven, proactive, flexible, facilitates workable solutions and supports the Company in the achievement of its objectives.Main Duties and Responsibilitiesa. To en certainly the planned human resources se rvices for which this post is responsible for, are delivered according to Company policies and procedures and outlined departmental per ground levelance vigilance standards. Undertaking the work of this post in line with the Company values, department objectives let personal responsibilities and professional standards.b. To be responsible for ensuring own administration is managed to expected business standards in a timely manner, without loss of quality standards. This includes responsibility for responding to squall enquiries, drafting/word-processing routine and adhoc letters, minutes of meetings, reports and other documentation.c. To take a proactive role in the development of the human resources department administrative arrangings and processes and communicate such(prenominal) developments, in a manner that supports the Company values and objectives of the department.d. To co-ordinate the recruitment cycle including but not limited to-* preparation of advertizement, job d escriptions, person specifications,* liaising with applicants,* refer opportunities monitoring,* attending candidate assessment.* progressing the employee reference checking process,* preparing accurate contract of employment,* coordinating, maintaining and progressing the Companys employee probationary assessment process.e. To maintain and update the Companys recording systems in respect of counter terrorist act checks for relevant employees. For the purpose of employee counter terrorism check renewals to en accredited relevant employees and the Department for Transport are notified in good time of the forthcoming expirery of their counter terrorism check clearance.f. To maintain effective housekeeping and ensure accurate updating of the computerised human resources information system (CHRIS) and manual recording systems as they relate to the work of the Human Resources Department.g. To produce human resource management information using the CHRIS, Company databases and spreadshe ets for the production of statistical and other human resources tie in information for management reports.h. To carry out such other duties commensurate with the grading of the post,which will be determined from time to time, in line with the needs of the business.The airport keep company reserves the right to vary the duties and responsibilities of staff underConditions prescribed in local agreements. Thus, it must be appreciated that the above duties may be altered as the future changing needs of the service may require.Employee Relations ManagerSection Head(School resources)Drawing up person specification BHX has to list all the appropriate skills and qualifications needed by the employee. They have to list this so only the person with an appropriate qualification can apply for the job. This also enables the employer to think about the best showcase of employer needed for the job. It also tells the employee what sort of fosterage does the employee needHere is an example of a person specification at BHX. This helps the employer to recruit the best person in BHX. The person specification lists all the knowledge, skills, experience, qualifications etc the employee should have.BIRMINGHAM INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT LIMITEDPERSON SPECIFICATIONJOB TITLE Security restrain (Part Time Terminals) GRADE RANGE Security GuardDEPARTMENT Aviation SecurityREPORTS TO General Manager Aviation SecurityKNOWLEDGE1 want health and safety device procedures including public safety issuesHOW TO BE ASSESSEDA/ISKILLS/ABILITIES2 Physically able to carry out passenger and bag searches3 Ability to remain calm and assertive in emergency situations4 Basic computer awareness for the purpose of security ID pass checks and report piece of writing5 Good customer service practices to represent the company in a professional manner6 Ability to remain alert and watchful to undertake indoor and outdoor security patrol duties, boarding card and security ID pass checks7 Well developed verbal and written conversation skills8 Ability to write short and accurate reports9 Ability to work on own initiative and within a team10 Ability to deal sensitively and tactfully with people on a one to one basis11 To work a variety of shifts, inclusive of weekends and bank holidaysIIIA/II/TESTA/I/TESTI/TESTA/IIA/IEXPERIENCE12 12 months experience in a customer facing role13 Working to concur standards and regulations and internal procedures in a consistent wayAIEDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS14 Numerate and literate to perform the duties of the jobTEST new(prenominal) ATTRIBUTES15 Willing to undertake mandatory training relevant to the job16 Able to comply with the company dress code17 constitute within a 30 miles travelling distance of the airport to respond to call out/shift cover18 Full previous 5 year checkable history (e.g work, study, unemployment, home worker)19 Able to successfully pass a colour blindnesstest and medical examinationAIAAOHHow to be assessedKey A Application formI InterviewTEST Saville Holdsworth tests, and/or Managers designed testHR prove by HR DepartmentOH Certified by Occupational Health DepartmentBirmingham International Airport Limited is working towards equal opportunities in employment and all employees are required to operate within the spirit of the Companys Equal Opportunities Policy.Employee Relations ManagerDepartmental Manager(http//www.bhx.com/personnel/jobs/52/Aviation%20Security%20Personnel%20person%20specification%2003.07.doc) advertisement the vacancy BHX has to decide where to advertise the vacancy and to list al the skills, qualifications and all the attributes. The advertisement includes all the terms and conditions of the employment like salary, number of hours etc. thither are different methods of advertising that BHX uses. They advertise low skilled jobs in the newspaper because it a very cheap way to advertise an vacancy. They advertise their vacancy in a newspaper which is delivered around Birmingham and neigh boring towns and cities because it is more likely that a local person will apply for a job and its easier for the employee to get to the airport. They advertise some of their job on their website. They also advertise their job at job centers because lots of people who look for a job haggle there to find jobs.Here is an example of the job vacancy of an aviation security guard at Bhx. This vacancy was advertised on the Bhx website. In this vacancy BHX cannot recruit a phallic security guard because at the top of the vacancy it says that they need a female aviation security guard. In the advertisement it lists all details about the job, the opportunities the employee will have and the salary.Female Aviation Security GuardsSalary11,187 13,295 per annum (pay award pending)Closing Date21 Mar 2007 detailIf you are female and looking for a rewarding part time career opportunity, we have a vacancy that may interest you FEMALE strain SECURITY GUARDS 11,187 13,295 per annum (pay award pen ding) (8 hour shifts, including weekend working and Bank Holidays)The BusinessBirmingham International Airport aims to be the best regional airport in europium and, as the second largest airport outside London, regularly handles in excess of 9 million passengers each year, making it one of the busiest UK airports. If you want to be part of a vibrant and supportive team that is helping to shape the future of the business, here is where you make the connection.The OpportunityThe main responsibility of this role is to ensure the safety of passengers. To be successful as an aviation security guard, it is outstanding that you have a polite and professional manner, as you will be responsible for checking passenger identities, boarding cards and be required to perform bag and physical body searches. You should be comfortable working on your own initiative and be able to stay calm in emergency situations, while ensuring all security and airport regulations are adhered to. This is a custom er facing role so we would like our aviation security guards to have well developed verbal communication skills and as you may be called upon to report on security related incidents good written communication skills are equally important. Previous security experience is not necessary as full training will be given to the successful candidates and you will also receive support from other team members.The PersonIn return for your efforts in this role, you can look off to a competitive salary, a generous annual leave entitlement, free on-site parking, stakeholder pension scheme and Company share scheme. We also offer discounts on a variety of retail and catering outlets within the airport and discounted travel/holiday offers. Sex Discrimination Act 1975 section 7(2)(a)(i)) applies and on this occasion male applicants will not be considered. To apply, further details and an application pack are available via our website www.bhx.co.uk or write to the Human Resources Department, Birmingh am International Airport Limited, Birmingham B26 3QJ(http//www.bhx.com/page.aspx?type=jLNyxnRIZKE=id=2N3FyjXb9IM=job=XZn9xPVMN1E=)Shortlist the applicants Shortlisting applicant can be very difficult for BHX. Sue Timothy who is a personnel manager at BHX has to make sure that she shortlists the applicants fairly. To do this fairly she has to look at candidates Curriculum vitae. She has to look at what sort of grades, qualification, work experience and good references from their teacher or their previous employer. If the persons C.V. matches the person specification then Sue timothy can consider the applicant for the next stage which is the converse. Applicants with better qualification will be considered first for the interview and applicants with very minimum qualification will be rejected.Interview the applicants In Bhx there is a twain stage interview. The first interviewis done by the human resources and the second interview is done by the manager of the department. This two stage interview is only done if the employee has applied for the high skilled vacancy. For example if someone applies for a job like an aircraft dispatcher, there will be a two stage interview. This is because aircraft dispatcher is a highly skilled job. There is a one stage interview at BHX. For example if someone applies for a job as a cleaner, there will only be a one stage interview. This is because a cleaner is a low skilled worker. At BHX interviewers are trained so that they know hot ask questions and what types of questions to ask. Interviewers who have experience at Bhx will ask open ended question which means that the candidate cant just say yes or no to the question. Example of the ended question can be What made you apply for this job? For this the candidate will have to give reasons for the answers. These kinds of questions tells the interview that how well the applicant communicate. To make the interview fair to everyone, the interviewer has to ask the same questions to all the candidates.Select the candidate This is the final stage of the recruitment process. BHX will have to choose the best candidate. They choose the best candidate by looking at how well the candidate has done in their interview. Sometimes an applicant with a really high qualification does badly in the interview. These mistakes could be that the applicant was too nervous during the interview. It could also be that the applicant did not communicate very well with the interview.As BHX is a huge organisation several people are involved in recruiting people. In Bhx human resources and managers are involved in recruiting people. In the interview only one person interviews the people because this makes the interview fair to everyone and the interviewer will ask the same questions to everyone.While employing for the job at Bhx the employee has to apply with the curriculum vitae because in the C.V. its got all the information about the employee like all the qualification from GCSEs t o a university degree and all the work experience the employee did. The employer needs to see the C.V to make sure the employee has the correct qualification in order to get the job at Bhx.Before applying for the job at Bhx the employee needs to have one or two references from the previous employer to see if the employee has a good behavior and a good recordOverall I think that a recruitment process is very successful in Bhx. Everyone who applies for the job at Bhx has equal opportunities because in the interview the interviewer has to ask the same questions to everyone. With all these seven stages of recruitment Bhx recruits the best person for the job.Recruitment at Bhx can be done better if the interviewers are polite and they know what questions to ask. They can also advertise the job far away from Birmingham so there is more chance to get the best person who will meet all the person specification for the certain job.Staff Development and homework instruct is related to job spec ific skills and abilities, learned at BHX. Development means to increase knowledge, skills or experience.A cleaner will need different training then an airport dispatcher. This is because they all have different job roles and different responsibility. The cost of the training depends on the type of training the person is doing and the level of the job they are at. For example the cost to train a manager is much higher then to train a cleaner.On-the job training is an important way in staff acquires relevant knowledge and skills at work. On the job training is when the staff trains in Bhx. The example of on the job training could be an induction. Induction means when the employee comes to the job for first time, the supervisor has to show the person around Bhx to get familliarise with the other staff and work place.Off the job training is when the staff trains within the Bhx but in different location. The example of off the job training could be someone learning how to use a computer in a training centre.In Bhx the employer needs to train and develop staff for different reasons. They need to develop staff because the job and applied science changes. Lots of staff at BHX works on a computer. As times goes by new technology comes and they need to get a circumscribed training to use it. Promoted staff needs new skills. Also the new staff needs training. So Bhx has to organise some training events. Without the training the new staff wouldnt have a clue of what to do at BHX. With the training and development, staffs skills improve and when the staffs change their jobs then they would need less training. The staff might need training because during the performance review they might have done badly because they had a lack of skills.Bhx can improve its training system by allowing more budget in the training department. This will mean that staff can get trained more effectively and they will learn more skills during the training.Training can also be done better by rec ruiting more people who have more qualifications and employees who need less training. This saves money.At BHX there are different types of training.* Induction training is to familiarise the new employees with staff their work place and health and safety in Bhx. The cost for this type of training is very low.* On the job training is for the staff who needs to learn about Bhxs equipment and system. This type of training is cheaper because the staffs are trained in Bhx and Bhx dont have to pay for the appointment and travel for the employees.* Off the job training is for people who need to learn about other aspects of the job. It can be really expensive to train staff away from Bhx because Bhx has to pay for the employees accommodation and the travel.* E learning (Electronic Learning) means an employee who learns and trains by a computer. This type of training can be really expensive because having an I.T system is expensive and they BHX have to buy different kind of software for di fferent type of training.There is a future need for all these trainings. With the training, staff can do lots of other things which they couldnt do before the training. There are new business opportunities. There is a greater staff motivation.Bhx does work towards IIP (Investors In People). An IIP is a national standard that wants Bhx to train and develop all their employees to help achieve Bhxs objectives.National training awards started in 1987. The training awards are awarded to both employee and employers in Bhx. Every year a few staff gets this award. To get this award the learners have to prove that they have demonstrated excellence skills in their training.www.google.co.ukApplication form at BHXWhen BHX recruits new staff the employee has to fill the application form very carefully. This is because the employer of BHX wants to know every single information about the employee. In the application form the employee has to fill all his/her personal information i.e. name, D.O.B., home address and many more. The employee also has to fill the health information all the secondary school information, the grades that employees has achieved, all the college and universities grades achieved and qualifications that the employee has. The employee also has to list all the skills, knowledge, abilities and experience they have. They also have to list whether they have worked for different company before.

Person Centred Mental Health Care for Schizophrenia

Person Centred Mental Health Care for SchizophreniaPerson Centred Mental Health CareDisha GuptaReferencesEssayBen is a 22 year obsolescent male who has been admitted to the acute in patient unit as a compulsory client under the Victorian Mental health Act (2014) who has a diagnosis of schizophrenic disorder.QuestionWhen using recent research evidence please addresses the followingIdentify the rationale and discuss strategies the mental health sop up go away use to actively involve Ben and his carers when using the shared finding making process. (While in the acute mental health setting) ANDDiscuss strategies the mental health encourage, Ben and his carers corporation utilise to reduce his incidence of relapse in schizophrenia.Ben is a young adult suffering from schizophrenia that has been brought into an acute as an in-patient unit due to his psychotic individual behaviour. According to recent change in Victorian Mental Health Act a shared decision making process model which i s being utilized within the practice in order for better out begins. Shared decision making process is where two experts or a team of experts come together in making complex decisions for a patient (Chong WW, 2013). A set of health care providers come together and expand their knowledge and exact expertise in watching the medical problem in order to provide a diagnosis. As well as the possible interventions and the possible risks of alternatives and latent benefits those are involved with the presented client. (REF). In this case we ready Ben who has been compulsory admitted into an acute setting, which means this client is in need of serious treatment, which is why the shared decision making process has been put in place in order to achieve the remedy and hopefully an accurate treatment that works as it engages experts to be involved throughout the process.Not only a team of experts are involved in this process but, the individual is given the chance to put their values, rat ionalitys and preferences before as well along with the support of family and other support network members (REF). This allows them to feel less inclined to thinking towards that they are being forced into something without their consent. As this gives them an opportunity to explore their wants and needs and together the individual and health care providers apprize come sometimes to a mutually agreed scheme that is right for client.In order to project and look after twenty two year Ben who is currently suffering from mental disorder we must first learn the problem followed by the treatment or carry through plan. Schizophrenia is an extremely complex disorder, it is occurred due to the imbalances of biochemical present in the brain which causes a person to believe in extraordinary and distorted thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements and behaviour (REF). The symptoms of schizophrenia are categorized into two major categories, the positive or hard symptoms which include delus ion, hallucinations, and grossly disorganized thinking, speech, and behaviour, and negative or soft symptoms as flat affect, lack of volition, and amicable withdrawal or discomfort (REF). This way it is easier for the health care providers to strike further steps for a clients treatment as they have categories which clients fit into.In order for treatment or a plan to commence the withstand should start the process with a Two way exchange of information which allows the carry (Clinician) to discuss the suitable treatment options and in ilk manner any potential risks and benefits which may arise from these options and at the same time it im lead off provide an opportunity to Ben to discuss his values and preferences regarding the treatment plan (REF). The two way communication will help to create a bond between the nurse and Ben which will help the nurse to know more about what Ben wants and this can help the nurse to reassure Ben in times of uncertainty, anxiety or vulnerab ility (REF).There is a strong need to develop an action plan for the treatment option to be executed and measured. An action plan is a document which is will be designed together by Ben and the mental health nurse and this plan should coer the issues being faced by Ben, the interventions which will be put in place and a review system to check the success of the action plan (REF).The plan should provide information about the Bens history, routines or symptoms that may assist in the treatment.Along documentations and communication there are other treatments to a fault available much(prenominal) as medication. Antipsychotic medication treatment, Medication is one of the core foundations of treatment. Once the acute stage of a psychotic succession has passed, most(prenominal) people with schizophrenia will need to take medicine until further notice or until amendd conditions where patients are not relied upon these mediations (REF). Antipsychotic medication is use to control the acu te symptoms being experienced by the patient. These falls into two groups typical and atypical neuroleptic agents (REF). Typical antipsychotics target the more obvious symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. They work by reducing the disturbing quality of the symptoms and accompanying disruptive behaviour occurred due to imbalances in the brain (REF). In this plan a nurse needs to apprehend which antipsychotic medications need to be given and what their actions and adverse side effects are. The nurse should never forget to follow the eight rights of drug administration (REF). This step is vital for a mental health nurse because the way apiece medication is administered will differ between patients. Antipsychotic drugs, like almost all medications, have unwanted effects along with their advantageous effects. During the early phases of drug treatment, patients may be troubled by side effects such as drowsiness, restlessness, not able to keep the body still, muscle spasms, tremor, shaking, dry mouth, or blurring of vision (REF). Most of these can be waneed by lowering the dosage or can be controlled by other medications. Different patients have different treatment responses and side effects to various antipsychotic drugs. As mentioned before a patient may do better with one drug than another.Since Ben is in an acute phase of a schizophrenic episode first and foremost role of a nurse is to perform a mental health assessment or examination. A mental health nurse needs to perform and present symptoms and the level of risk that may cause to the patient and other people around (REF). In order to understand a persons mental health situation, there are guidelines an clinician or a mental health care provider needs to follow. One of more assessment tools includes PAMSGOTJIMI, abbreviation of Perception, Affect, Mood, Speech, General Behaviour, Orientation, Thought, Judgment, Insight, Memory, and Intelligence. Or even ABCT, abbreviated for Appearance, Behavi our, Cognition and Thought process (REF). Are great for mental health assessment of a client which needs to undergo a treatment plan, by following these guidelines a nurse can understand and develop a better understanding of a clients current situation in order to create the right plan.A compliant cycle of antipsychotic medications plays an important part in the treatment of schizophrenia and at the same time non-compliance with the medications can result in relapse. This is why along side of Antipsychotic medications is the need for social interventions, including education and support for patients and carers, so that cares and individuals are on the same pages of understanding one another better. Social skills training and the care provided by day hospitals and centres such as community based voluntary and involuntary services etc (REF).Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help patients gain a degree of control over their symptoms as this helps them by understanding the links b etween their thought processes and subsequent behaviour. Which then helps them to move on and look at ways of changing and managing their thoughts and behaviours (REF).Family interventions more often than not help in reducing levels of stress and in the management of contributing factors to patient relapse (REF). As we know our families are the closest people we have got in our lives, which in return gives the individuals a sense of security and makes them feel secure by having family help them through tough time gives them the hope and intensity level to improve their wellbeing. Giving carers information about schizophrenia is helpful in its management. Support and information needs to be ongoing, both in everyday situations and also at times of crisis (REF).As mentioned before, carers and families have always played an important role in the management of people with very serious mental disorders. With the increase focus on maintaining patients in the community as well as in acut e settings, these roles are assuming to achieve high importance. This means that Bens carers needs and concerns require are most likely to be on a higher level of attention. In order to achieve and target the correct procedure, there are a few simple actions that can be taken for instance, a need for further and ongoing education on schizophrenia for Ben and its management and interventions as a carer or family needs to be informed about in order to look out for in various situations (REF). rhythmical contact with clinical teams that offers both support and advice about the patient and is responsive to carers concerns (REF). Also a faculty or services of support for carers, as they can possibly go through their own feelings such as emotional burden because they feel that its an extra responsibility to look after a mentally challenged person. Guilt and frustration is also another where the carer or family feels that nothing is working and may feel like giving up. Such services can b e provided through support groups or individually. Also there is a need for a service that works in partnership with the carers and patients both, and through this way, it will be optimising the patients care and allowing patients to continue living in the community (REF).Anyone undergoing an illness is not one of the greatest feelings to be going through, which is why it is very important to understand the cause, and the reasoning behind the problem. Followed by an thorough assessment by the right health care providers. As well as having solid treatment plan with goals those need to be achieved by the end of it all. Ben is young and by having support around him, from family and friends and services provided by hospitals or community facilities is the right way to improve his mental wellbeing. With the right techniques and action plans clients like Ben can rapidly improve their mental and physical wellbeing, and as a nurse, its very important to understand the basic needs and requir ements of each client and the correct form of assessment is highly necessary in order to keep a record of each patients history of improvements and development.

Analysis Of BMW Financial Position And Performance Accounting Essay

Analysis Of BMW Financial Position And executing Accounting EssayThis is a pecuniary analysis report on BMW. Specifically, in the first part of this report, the pecuniary location and work of BMW for the four pecuniary years from 2008 to 2011 forget be first re-formulated, and the financial dimensions for the ships company allow be computed for analysis purposes. In order to perform a throughout financial analysis on the company, the trends of the financial ratios of BMW will be analyzed. Then, the financial statements of Audi will also be reformulated and the respective financial ratios for Audi will also be computed. The financial performance of Audi will be apply to compare to the performance of BMW, to gauge the relative performance of BMW, as compared to one of the peer in spite of appearance the industry. Then, in the second part, BMWs forecasted value of equity per share at the end of the fourth financial (i.e., at FY 2011) will also be computed. Recommendation s will be provided if the stock is a good investment choice, based on the various findings derived from this study.1.2 Company BackgroundToday, BMW is the worlds best- interchange manufacturer of premium cars (Rauwald, 2012). BMW is founded in 1916 and is headquartered in Munich, Germany. Today, the company has much than 96,000 workforces at 24 production facilities in 13 countries and had pe pass localised to about 140 countries in the world (A actually Bergsteiner, 2011). BMW is also a company emphasizing on corpo regulate social responsibilities (Stamoulakis Bridwell, 2009). Some of the competitors of BMW include Audi and Mercedes-Benz, whereby these companies has also been competing with BMW in important markets such as China (Rauwald Pearson, 2011a). Referring to put back 1 below, the various trading segments BMW is operating at bottom is shown. The major revenue contribution of the company comes from selling automobiles, and then followed by car financing activities. g ameboard 1 The discordant Business Segments BMW Operating Within extension WorldscopeTable 2 below until now shows the various geographical regions BMW is operating within. As shown from the plan, the revenue generated from BMW sales in China is improving fast, art object the revenue generated from the United States are stagnating. Indeed, forward to the financial crisis, United States is the biggest market for BMW (Rauwald, 2010). In contrast, as discussed in Muller (2010), BMW growth in new-made years had largely driven by the increase of sales from emerging countries. This is a trend worth acknowledging in analyzing the current financial performance and to predict the future probable performance of the firm.Table 2 The Various Geographical Region BMW Operating WithinSource WorldscopePart I Analysis of BMW Financial Position and PerformanceIn Part I, the financial analysis on BMW will be performed through two major methods, firstly by reviewing the trends of the financial metrics of BMW and its competitor and secondly, through the review of various financial ratios of BMW and to compare the ratios to the competitors ratios.2.1 Trend Analysis A Review of BMW Past Performances2.1.1 makeability proportionsBased on Table 3 below, the various profitability ratios of BMW are shown. As measured by the Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Return on Invested pileusital, BMW performance is generally well-performing in FY2007, but subsequently suffered to a minimal profitability in FY2008 towards FY 2010, before heel countering to superior profitability situation in FY2011. This is not surprising. In FY2008, the world financial crisis hit, and the automotive industry, which is cyclic in nature, are impacted adversely (Peterson, 2008). Indeed, the entire automotive industry fall into a turmoil as auto sales have plunged in the United State and Europe while sales faced stagnation in previously booming markets like China and India (Rauwald, 2009b). In 2 009, as discussed within Rauwald (2009a), BMW suffered losses due to recession as the sales and demand of luxury cars stalled. This is logical as in recessionary arrest, people cut down consumption and luxury product manufacturers are often the most impacted as the product demand are highly elastic.Then, qualitatively speaking, in FY 2010, the profitability reverts in BMW is due to improved efficiency signifi merchantmantly in all areas of the company (during the restructuring programme of BMW in the global financial crisis) as well as favourable exchange-rate fluctuations for the company (Rauwald, 2010). Next, Rauwald Schmidt (2012a) had however attributed the significant enhanced of BMW performance due to the companys comprehensive transformation, via cutting jobs and costs since 2007 (which include a cut of more than 8,100 jobs and diminution of more than 6 billion Euros in costs). This is also true as based on the employee per sales figure, the company is showing positiv e improvement as in recent years, more sales are generated per employee.Aside from that, it is also observed that the ratio of research and development to sales ratios has also been high, approximately around 5%. This is because BMW has been investing in research and development activities for further innovations in the future. For example, one of the recent innovations of BMW is development of eco-super car through the Vision Efficient dynamics concept (Kable, 2010).Overall, based on the profitability ratios, a gross profit margin of 24% and the Return on Equity ratio of 19.2% in the recent years suggest that BMW is a well performing firm. Nonetheless(prenominal), the fact that the firm could be seriously affected by recession also suggests that the business is cyclical, and thitherfore, the business risk faced by the firm and investors could be high.Table 3 Trends of Profitability proportionalitys of BMWSource Worldscope2.1.2 Asset Utilization RatiosBased on Table 4 below, the va rious asset utilization ratios, such as assets per employee, total assets overthrow, inventory turnover and net sales to gross fixed assets are shown. Overall, there is a trend of improvement on these ratios. As discussed in Rauwald Schmidt (2012b), the strong performance of BMW is primarily maked by the strength of the BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce brands as well as improvements in efficiency. The improved of efficiencies can be storied as the assets per employees had increased (i.e., fewer employees as compared to the total assets), and the higher total assets and inventory turnover ratios (as the company is more able to generate more sales from every unit of asset).Table 4 Trends of Asset Utilization Ratios of BMWSource Worldscope2.1.3 Leverage RatiosBased on Table 5 below, the trends of use of debt financing and capital structure of BMW are shown. Overall, it can be noticed that BMW is a highly geared firm, as the long stipulation debt within the capital structure has been cons istently high throughout the past few years, i.e., at approximately 60%. Then, the portion of debt is also far outstrip the portion of equity, and as indicated by the total debt to common equity ratio, the total debt is approximately more than 2 to 3 times the total amount of equity. Overall, this suggests that BMW is firmly leveraged and the firm would face higher finance risks (such as solvency, liquid state and interest payment risks) in hard times. In contrast, the firm would make high return on equity for the shareholders due to use of leverage. Therefore, part of the reasons contributing to the high return on equity for BMW is through the use of high leverage within the firm.Table 5 Trends of Leverage Ratios of BMWSource Worldscope2.1.4 Liquidity RatiosBased on Table 6 below, the various liquidity ratios such as quick ratio and current ratio are shown. Overall, the liquidity position of BMW is marginally copesettic, as the current and quick ratio fall around the range of 1 . A more conservative ratio would be a current ratio of more than 2 times. Then, it is also noted that throughout the years, the proportion of receivables in the current assets is the highest, followed by cash, and then inventories. This is however unavoidable, as most of the customers would bribe the luxury cars on credit.Table 6 Trends of Liquidity Ratios of BMWSource Worldscope2.1.5 A Review of the Financial Performance Trends of BMWIn order to form an overview of the financial performance of BMW in the past few years, the general profitability picture of BMW is presented in presage 1. As shown below, prior to the crisis, BMW has been in a rising profit position for more than a decade (Avery Bergsteiner, 2011). However, unfortunately, the firm performance is badly affected during the global financial crisis (as discussed previously). During the period of financial crisis, the net income, return on equity and total common equity fall sharp-wordedly. Nevertheless, upon the cris is, the profitability of BMW surged sharply. Avery Bergsteiner (2011) had found that one of the reasons contribute to fast BMW convalescence from the global financial crisis in 2008 is due to sustainable leadership model and processes within the company. Therefore, this suggests the resiliency and the choice of the management within the firm as satisfactory and competent.Then, another trend worth discussing is that in the recent years, BMW car sales have been increasing significantly in the China market (Rauwald, 2012). Indeed, as discussed within Schafer (2011), much of the sales increases of BMW come from the growth of sales from China and India. Such a trend had contributed significantly as even in FY2011 and FY2012, BMW sales in Europe are facing challenges due to sovereign debt crisis (Rauwald Pearson, 2011a). Similarly, as discussed within Schafer (2011), the sales of BMW cars are slow in Europe due to the slow convalescence within the region.Figure 1 Net Income, Equity, ROE and ROCI Trends of BMWCDocuments and SettingsHappyGoLuckyDesktopData Collectiondatareturn analysis chart.jpgSource Worldscope2.2 Peers Financial Ratios ComparisonsIn this section, in order to understand the financial position and the performance of BMW in the context of its industry as well as in relation to its peers, the various financial ratios of BMW, the peers and one of its leading competitors, namely Audi will be performed.2.2.1 proceeds evaluate related RatiosAs shown in Table 7, the various growth rates of BMW is compared to the peers and Audi. Firstly, it is noted that the growth of sales of BMW is slightly worse than the growth of Audi, but significantly worse off than the peers. In other words, some(prenominal) Audi and BMW are performing less satisfactorily as compared to the industry second-rate. Therefore, while the financial picture of BMW is recovering and experiencing sharp upturns in FY2011, the firm is actually down perform as compared to the industry av erage.Table 7 Trends of Growth Rates of BMW, Audi and PeersCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AG termination pecuniary Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011 recognise 1 Year Growth RatesSales 1Yr Growth13.8022.2224.42Operating Income 1Yr Growth53.2147.7557.09Net Margin 1Yr Growth32.92104.8836.41Net Income 1Yr Growth51.26149.4369.72EPS 1Yr Growth51.12146.4769.73 match Assets 1Yr Growth11.7114.5419.56Equity 1Yr Growth13.118.5813.72Key 5 Year Growth RatesSales 5Yr Growth7.0315.177.20Operating Income 5Yr Growth16.3923.4414.71Net Margin 5Yr Growth3.927.7618.21Net Income 5Yr Growth11.2223.0926.72EPS 5Yr Growth11.2121.3526.72 keep down Assets 5Yr Growth9.1812.2514.00Equity 5Yr Growth7.179.0911.83Source Thomson one(a) BankerAs shown in Table 8, the figures of growth rates of several(prenominal) financial metrics are also computed, from the reformulated financial statements (as shown in Appendix at the end of this document). Overall, it can be observed that both Audi and BMW financial performance move i n tandem, whereby the good performance of both company tend to be happen at the similar time. For instance, the growth of sales was negative for both of the firm at FY2009. Then, the growth rates of common shareholder equity also tend to be similar in terms of magnitude. For example, the growth rate of shareholder equity has been slight negative or positive at FY2009. However, the growth rate of operating income (after tax) for both the company tend to be less similar. This could be due to the operational management differences between the two firms.Table 8 Trends of Growth Rates of BMW to AudiProfitability R200920102011Growth Rate in SalesBMW-4.73%19.33%13.80%Audi-12.74%18.77%24.42%Growth Rate in OI (after tax)BMW352.36%-20.66%49.91%Audi-43.17%128.13%60.40%Growth Rate in NOABMW31.36%13.02%-10.94%Audi10.86%47.64%-4.07%Growth Rate in CSEBMW-1.79%15.94%17.18%Audi2.62%9.30%13.72%Source Computed from Reformulated Financial Statement2.2.2 Profitability RatiosAs shown in Table 9, the prof itability related ratios for BMW, peers and Audi are shown. Overall, the profitability margins of BMW would be slightly lesser than that of the Audi (particularly from the net margin perspective), but would be higher than that of the peers. This is because BMW steer within the luxury car segment, and therefore, the margins would be higher, as the majority of other competitors go for the volume for profitability. Therefore, the asset turnover of BMW and Audi is lower significantly than the peers, as the company focus on the luxury niche segment. Aside from that, it could be seen that the RD expense to sales ratio for BMW (and Audi) is higher than that of the peers. For this, one of the successes of BMW comes from investing heavily in spear carrier production capacity and new technology constantly (Rauwald, 2012).Table 9 Profitability colligate Ratios for BMW, Peers and AudiCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AG support Fiscal Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011Asset Turnover0.570.851.25Pretax M argin10.7313.70ROA4.3713.86Return on Invest Cap5.6234.13Reinvest Rate13.2537.5935.68R D to Sales4.903.435.09Gross Profit Margin24.6219.4518.57Operating Profit Margin11.426.929.54Pretax Margin10.7313.70Net Margin7.099.95Source Thomson One BankerTable 10 is about the profitability ratios of BMW and Audi, computed from the reformulated financial statements (as shown in Appendix at the end of this document). Overall, it can be seen that Audi would perform slightly better than BMW, although from the net profit margin perspective, BMW outperform Audi in FY2010 and FY2011. Then, it is also observed that the financial margins of BMW are more volatile as compared to Audi. Therefore, the risks (from the standard deviation perspective) for BMW are higher. Nonetheless, as discussed before, BMW is performing well in terms of cutting down the expense. This can be observed as the portion of administration costs to the sales ratio for BMW has been decreasing from FY2008 towards FY2011 whereby the ratio for Audi had been staying relatively constant (around 8-10%). This reaffirm that BMW had been s basal transform itself into a more efficient organization.Table 10 Trends of Profitability Ratios of BMW to Audi2008200920102011Operating Profit MarginBMW0.95%-0.09%5.71%8.03%Audi5.27%3.43%6.59%8.50%Sales Profit MarginBMW1.95%9.27%6.17%8.12%Audi5.27%3.43%6.59%8.50%Other Items Profit MarginBMW0.00%0.00%0.00%0.00%Audi2.82%2.86%2.87%2.90%Net Profit MarginBMW1.25%0.13%5.23%7.75%Audi6.46%3.52%3.07%5.91%Expense Ratio Admin CostsBMW9.59%9.91%7.98%7.83%Audi9.47%10.52%8.57%8.16%Expense Ratio Distribution CostsBMW-0.21%0.10%0.24%0.50%Audi0.88%1.01%1.06%0.97%Operating Profitability (RNOA)BMWN/A14.55%9.55%14.27%AudiN/A12.48%21.87%30.03%Financing Profitability (RNFA)BMWN/A0.70%0.98%1.37%AudiN/A5.07%5.54%9.98%Source Computed from Reformulated Financial Statement2.2.3 Asset Utilization ratiosTable 11 is about the asset utilization related ratios for BMW, Audi and peers. Overall, BMW down perform b oth Audi and the peers from asset turnover and inventory turnover perspective. Indeed, Audi perform best in utilizing assets in generating revenue. This shown that BMW may not be effective to the peers and Audi in leveraging on the assets to generate sales, and there are much room for improvement to significantly enhance the asset utilization ratios for the firm.Table 11 Asset Utilization Related Ratios for BMW, Audi and PeersCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AGLast Fiscal Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011Asset Turnover0.570.851.25 ancestry Turnover5.118.528.85Source Thomson One Banker2.2.4 Leverage RatiosTable 12 is about the comparisons of leverage related ratios between BMW, Audi and peers. Obviously from the figure of the industry mean score, it can be noticed that most of the automotive manufacturers are highly geared. Indeed, as it is discussed that BMW is a firm that relied heavily on debt instrument for financing its operations, the industry average figure is even higher. In stark c ontrast, Audi is a lowly leveraged firm. Indeed, the use of debt is very minor within the firms capital structure.Table 12 Leverage Ratios Related Ratios for BMW, Audi and PeersCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AGLast Fiscal Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011Total Debt to Common Equity245.94%250.96%9.39%LT Debt to Common Equity133.58%146.61%0.17%LT Debt to Total Capital56.96%41.23%0.16%Dividend Payout17.46%15.80%0.00%Cash Dividend Coverage Ratio7.1321.08N/ASource Thomson One BankerIn Table 13 below, trends of leverage ratios of BMW and Audi, computed from the reformulated financial statements (as shown in Appendix at the end of this document) are presented. Similar to the discussions presented above, the financial leverage ratio of BMW is significantly higher than the cheek of Audi. However, from the operating liability leverage ratio perspective, the figures of the two firms are roughly comparable.Table 13 Trends of Leverage Ratios of BMW to Audi2008200920102011Financial Leverage Ratio (FLE V)BMW0.2990.4140.4130.410Audi0.2560.198-0.1280.054Capitalization RatioBMW1.3781.8431.7961.365Audi0.7810.8441.1400.962Operating Liability Leverage Ratio (OLLEV)BMW1.0930.6630.6451.011Audi1.4791.3811.0581.268Source Computed from Reformulated Financial Statement2.2.5 Liquidity RatiosIn Table 14 below, the liquidity related ratios for BMW, Audi and peers are compared and presented. It is noted that the liquidity position of BMW, as measured from all of these ratios, i.e., quick ratio, current ratio, cash and equivalent to current assets ratio, account receivables days as well as inventories days held are not only down performing the peers, but also perform much badly as compared to the situation of Audi. Indeed, Audi is having strong liquidity position, thereby indicating that the firm is unlikely to suffer from any near term liquidity issues. Audi had also outperformed the peers significantly and based on the findings above that Audi is a lowly geared firm the firm is financially care fully managed.Table 14 Liquidity Related Ratios for BMW, Audi and PeersCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AGLast Fiscal Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011Quick Ratio0.821.001.32 period Ratio1.041.281.60Cash Equivalent to Current Assets23.5232.2441.13Accounts Receivable Days136.25102.0761.22Inventories Days Held71.4448.6041.24Source Thomson One Banker2.2.6 SummaryOverall, while BMW is a profitable firm, and the firm is performing very well in FY2011 (i.e., experiencing sharp recovery) such performance can be largely attributed to the industry wide recovery situation around the world. However, the performance of BMW would seem to be lacking, more uncollectible and less efficiently, effectively and conservatively managed when compared to the peers. This is particularly when compared to Audi, as Audi had found to be having much stronger and yet conservative financial position and performance. It can be summarized that BMW performed unsatisfactorily as compared to the other automotive manufactur ers.Part II ValuationIn this section, military rating of BMW stock will be performed via the discount cash flow model. In order to compute the company value via this method, the dividend distributed to the investors will be treated as the proxy of the cash flow to the investors. Currently, the latest dividend payment from BMW is EUR 2.30 (Figure 2, the indicated dividend payment from the management). Then, from Figure 3, the growth rate of the dividend yield/ payment (i.e., the growth rate of the cash flow of the firm) range from 0.23% (i.e., 3-years growth rate) to 1.01% (i.e., 3-years growth rate). Theoretically, the longer term growth rate should be used. However, the global financial meltdown in FY2008 to FY2009 would be considered as anomalies (the black swan event), and therefore, it is unfair to take the three year average figure for the firm. Therefore, conservatively, a growth rate of 0.5% would be assumed to represent the growth rate of dividend payment for the investors. Then, in order to compute the required rate of return for BMW, the risks pertaining to the firm will be considered. As BMW is found to be highly geared, a required rate of return of above 10% would be necessary. Therefore, conservatively speaking, a required rate of return of 15% is justifiable.HenceD = EUR 2.30g = 0.5%r = 15%Firm value=D (1+g)(r-g)=2.3 (1+0.005)(0.15-0.005)=2.3 (1.005)(0.145)=EUR 15.94Therefore, a very conservative firm value for BMW from the dividend discount model (i.e., Gordon Growth Model rating method) is only EUR 15.94. This is even much lower than the analysts target price of EUR 75.60 (Figure 2). Therefore, from the valuation method applied, it is unwise to purchase into BMW stock.Figure 2 Estimates from AnalystCDocuments and SettingsHappyGoLuckyDesktopUK0538 Advanced financial statement analysisData Collectiondatathomson forecast report.jpgSource Thomson FinancialFigure 3 Estimates from AnalystCDocuments and SettingsHappyGoLuckyDesktopUK0538 Advanced f inancial statement analysisData Collectiondatastock valuation.jpgSource Thomson FinancialIn Table 15 below, the price multiple of BMW, peers and Audi is shown. It is shown that BMW stock prices is valued at 10 times earnings multiple, as compared to Audi (which is only 5 times earnings multiple). Indeed, from the other two yardsticks, namely price to book value and price to cash flow ratios, BMW stock is valued more expensively. Then considering that the financial position and performance of BMW is significantly lower than the peers, and particularly, to Audi, the high price multiples of BMW would justify a sell comment on the stock.Table 15 Market Value Related Ratios for BMW, Audi and PeersCompanyBMW AGPeer MeanAudi AGLast Fiscal Yr End Date12/31/201112/31/2011Current P/E Ratio10.175.15 impairment/Book Ratio1.841.331.81Price/Cash Flow Ratio-11.101.943.34Source Thomson One BankerThen, from the qualitative perspective however, looking forward, competition between automotive manufact urers in China could be intensify and this could affect how BMW compete with other car manufacturers (Rauwald, 2012). However, some analysts had also been optimistic as they anticipate growth in markets such as China and Russia which would contribute to higher BMW sales in these emerging regions (Rauwald Schmidt, 2012a). Then, as discussed in Reed Schafer (2010), the rise of sales in China is primarily due to the branding and the quality of the cars sold by BMW. Therefore, the growth story of BMW in emerging regions would be in doubts, as the competitors, such as Audi has also strong performance in these emerging regions. Therefore, from a more conservatively perspective, it is reasonable to conclude that even it is expected that BMW could profit from the emerging countries, which would also not justify the high valuation of the stock. Hence, it is not rational to purchase into the stock of the company at the current price. In contrast, investors seeking exposure to automotive industry would be better to purchase the stock of Audi, as the firm is financially conservatively and operational effectively managed, and yet, having a low price multiple.ReferencesAvery, G. C., Bergsteiner, H. (2011). How BMW successfully practices sustainable leadership principles. Strategy Leadership, 39(6), 11-18.Kable, G. (2010). Bolts from BMW. Autoweek, 60, 12-12.Muller, J. (2010). BMWs concern for made-to-order cars. Forbes, 1.Penman, S. H. (2010). Financial Statement Analysis and Security Valuation, 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill Irwin, New York.Peterson, T. (2008). BMW 135i High performance, low price. Business Week (Online).Rauwald, C. (2009a). Corporate news BMW posts loss as unit sales fall 21%. Wall Street Journal.Rauwald, C. (2009b). Corporate news BMW swings to $1.24 billion loss as luxury-car sales plunge. Wall Street Journal.Rauwald, C. (2010). sumptuosity demand drives BMW results. Wall Street Journal (Online).Rauwald, C. (2012). BMW, Porsche profits rise on higher sales. Wall Street Journal (Online).Rauwald, C., Pearson, D. (2011a). Corporate news BMW cranks up profit view luxury-auto maker gains on emerging-market demand as European woes damp peugeot-Citroen. Wall Street Journal (Online).Rauwald, C., Pearson, D. (2011b). BMW raises sales, profit forecasts. Wall Street Journal (Online).Rauwald, C., Schmidt, N. (2012a). Managing careers For BMW, a tough transformation pays off. Wall Street Journal (Online).Rauwald, C., Schmidt, N. (2012b). For BMW, a tough transformation pays off no grand prix cars, but pole position in luxury market gives CEO reithofer a happy start to the new year. Wall Street Journal (Online).Reed, J., Schafer, D. (2010). Demand for luxury powers BMWs China sales. Financial Times.Schafer, D. (2011). BMW receives sales turbo-charge from China and India. Financial Times.Stamoulakis, D., Bridwell, L. (2009). BMWs approach to global warming and environmental management Corporate social responsibility or greenwashing? C ompetition Forum, 7(1), 98-106.Subramanyam K. R., Wild, J. J. (2009). Financial Statement Analysis, tenth Edition. McGraw Hill, New York.

'A Little Cloud and The Mark on the Wall'

'Epiphany is an artistical committal to writing proficiency that jam Joyce take in many of his behaves, from Dubliners to A unretentive Cloud. By an epiphany, he meant a sudden ghostly manifestation, whether from nearly object, scene, event, or memorable mannequin of the mind. split second of wideness, as another(prenominal) noteworthy acquisition in the flow rate-of- sentience writing, potful be ground throughout Virginia Woolfs fictions, from Kew Gardens to The lollipoper on the W wholly. Woolf utilise it to look for merciful beings apparitional world.\n on that point argon in the early place collar similarities amid Joyces Epiphany and Wooffs instant of wideness. The first law of simile the devil techniques fortune is that they some(prenominal) focal point on the protagonists worked up and amiable processes. In A miniature Cloud, Chandler experiences divers(a) affable activities from his initial genial palsy to hope, to joy, to happiness, to d isappointment, to disillusion and money box his concluding epiphany, which is a in stages put in process.Through all his psychological experiences, minute Chandler lastly accomplishes his epiphany with weeping of self-reproach for his weakness and timidity. Similarly, Woolfs present secondment of importance in The crack on the surround is in any case elaborately espouse to excogitate the fabricators mental experiences, which ar fragmental that incorporate as a whorled menses waterway of consciousness.\nThe second similarity betwixt the deuce techniques is that twain the epiphanies and moments of importance argon caused by the carry on from the immaterial world. particular Chandlers final epiphany results from the setbacks he experiences in the foreign world, including the repellent fork out of the paralyse metropolis Dublin, Gallahers sucess, condescension and insult, and his possess intellect of disappointment in work and family. In The sign aling on the Wall, the moment of burning(prenominal) is aflame by the show of the mark on the wall, which functions as an away remark to the narrators mental exploration. The stream of consciousness of... '

'The Casual Vacancy by J.K. Rowling'

'The reserve resource was non inviolable to act. I was smell antecedent to schooling The unconcerned nullity since it was inform and I had the regain to steal it on a move this winter. initial of all(a) I receive to summons that this is the starting line sassy discoverdoors the hassle potters conception that J. K. Rowling created and that it is in addition her outgrowth younker bighearted novel. I show this because in all probability close to of us dwell something homogeneous to her earlier novels and I recognise that it could non be much different.\nThe script has 503 pages and it is dissever in septette parts. It begins with the goal of the Parish Councilor, Barry Fairbrother, at the topical anesthetic play unify payable to the solemnization of his hook up with anniversary with his married woman bloody shame Fairbrother. Because of the trusdeucerthy events, the stead of the council is inert and theatrical role from hither the inv ention begins to develop. A fooling Vacancy, as stated on the moderate, occurs referable to unrivalled of the undermentioned reasons: when a local anaesthetic councilor fails to make his resoluteness of credence of maculation interior the neat time, when his government none fortitude is received, or on the solar daylight of his death. The important spell involves the discords and conflicts meet the election of the naked Councilor that unchain a series of events inside the assumed township of Pagford. Furthermore, the darkest secrets of several(prenominal) families pass the surface. Howard Mollison, leader of the Parish Council, is charge of having an function with a blood line ally and threatens his position. The accompaniment that his fille Patricia is a homosexual does not alter his situation. Terri Weedon, set about of two kids by day and a rail at by wickedness and her diacetylmorphine addiction. Krystal Weedon, incessantly struggle with he rself and ravish by her receives dealer. The numerate of discharge goes beyond imagined and the difference of the loudness is as surprise as the book title.\nI spend a penny to appropriate that I was consort of defeated with the ontogenesis of the plot. I feature no dubiousness that she try to make it out of her conjuring trick boxwood and child... '